Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 93 \[ \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \sin (c+d x)}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} d}+\frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \]
-arctan(1/2*sin(d*x+c)*a^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/cos(d*x+c)^(1/2)/(a+a*cos(d*x+c))^( 1/2))*2^(1/2)/d/a^(1/2)+2*sin(d*x+c)/d/cos(d*x+c)^(1/2)/(a+a*cos(d*x+c))^( 1/2)
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 1.55 (sec) , antiderivative size = 180, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.94 \[ \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\frac {2 \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \cos (c+d x) (2+\cos (c+d x)) \csc ^4\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \left (1-\cos (c+d x)+\text {arctanh}\left (\sqrt {-\sec (c+d x) \sin ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}\right ) \cos (c+d x) \sqrt {2-2 \sec (c+d x)}\right )-\frac {1}{10} \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (2,\frac {5}{2},\frac {7}{2},-\sec (c+d x) \sin ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right ) \sin (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)\right )}{d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a (1+\cos (c+d x))}} \]
(2*Cos[(c + d*x)/2]*Sin[(c + d*x)/2]*((Cos[c + d*x]*(2 + Cos[c + d*x])*Csc [(c + d*x)/2]^4*(1 - Cos[c + d*x] + ArcTanh[Sqrt[-(Sec[c + d*x]*Sin[(c + d *x)/2]^2)]]*Cos[c + d*x]*Sqrt[2 - 2*Sec[c + d*x]]))/2 - (Hypergeometric2F1 [2, 5/2, 7/2, -(Sec[c + d*x]*Sin[(c + d*x)/2]^2)]*Sin[c + d*x]*Tan[c + d*x ])/10))/(d*Cos[c + d*x]^(3/2)*Sqrt[a*(1 + Cos[c + d*x])])
Time = 0.38 (sec) , antiderivative size = 93, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.240, Rules used = {3042, 3258, 27, 3042, 3261, 218}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a \cos (c+d x)+a}} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {a \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )+a}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3258 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a \cos (c+d x)+a}}-\frac {\int \frac {a}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x) a+a}}dx}{a}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 27 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a \cos (c+d x)+a}}-\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x) a+a}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a \cos (c+d x)+a}}-\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )} \sqrt {\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right ) a+a}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3261 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {2 a \int \frac {1}{\frac {\sin (c+d x) \tan (c+d x) a^3}{\cos (c+d x) a+a}+2 a^2}d\left (-\frac {a \sin (c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x) a+a}}\right )}{d}+\frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a \cos (c+d x)+a}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 218 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a \cos (c+d x)+a}}-\frac {\sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \sin (c+d x)}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a \cos (c+d x)+a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} d}\) |
-((Sqrt[2]*ArcTan[(Sqrt[a]*Sin[c + d*x])/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[ a + a*Cos[c + d*x]])])/(Sqrt[a]*d)) + (2*Sin[c + d*x])/(d*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x ]]*Sqrt[a + a*Cos[c + d*x]])
3.3.28.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && !Ma tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTan[x/R t[a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b]
Int[((c_.) + (d_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(n_)/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*sin[(e_. ) + (f_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-d)*Cos[e + f*x]*((c + d*Sin[e + f*x]) ^(n + 1)/(f*(n + 1)*(c^2 - d^2)*Sqrt[a + b*Sin[e + f*x]])), x] - Simp[1/(2* b*(n + 1)*(c^2 - d^2)) Int[(c + d*Sin[e + f*x])^(n + 1)*(Simp[a*d - 2*b*c *(n + 1) + b*d*(2*n + 3)*Sin[e + f*x], x]/Sqrt[a + b*Sin[e + f*x]]), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && EqQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2 - d^2, 0] && LtQ[n, -1] && IntegerQ[2*n]
Int[1/(Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]]*Sqrt[(c_.) + (d_.)*sin[(e _.) + (f_.)*(x_)]]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[-2*(a/f) Subst[Int[1/(2*b^2 - (a*c - b*d)*x^2), x], x, b*(Cos[e + f*x]/(Sqrt[a + b*Sin[e + f*x]]*Sqrt[c + d*S in[e + f*x]]))], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && EqQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2 - d^2, 0]
Time = 5.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 130, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.40
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\left (\cos \left (d x +c \right ) \sqrt {\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \arcsin \left (\cot \left (d x +c \right )-\csc \left (d x +c \right )\right )+\sqrt {2}\, \sin \left (d x +c \right )+\sqrt {\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \arcsin \left (\cot \left (d x +c \right )-\csc \left (d x +c \right )\right )\right ) \sqrt {a \left (1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )\right )}\, \sqrt {2}}{d \left (1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )\right ) \sqrt {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}\, a}\) | \(130\) |
1/d*(cos(d*x+c)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*arcsin(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d* x+c))+2^(1/2)*sin(d*x+c)+(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*arcsin(cot(d*x+ c)-csc(d*x+c)))*(a*(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)/(1+cos(d*x+c))/cos(d*x+c)^(1/2)*2 ^(1/2)/a
Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 132, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.42 \[ \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (a \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + a \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a} \sqrt {\cos \left (d x + c\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a}} - 2 \, \sqrt {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a} \sqrt {\cos \left (d x + c\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{a d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + a d \cos \left (d x + c\right )} \]
-(sqrt(2)*(a*cos(d*x + c)^2 + a*cos(d*x + c))*arctan(1/2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(a*co s(d*x + c) + a)*sqrt(cos(d*x + c))*sin(d*x + c)/((cos(d*x + c)^2 + cos(d*x + c))*sqrt(a)))/sqrt(a) - 2*sqrt(a*cos(d*x + c) + a)*sqrt(cos(d*x + c))*s in(d*x + c))/(a*d*cos(d*x + c)^2 + a*d*cos(d*x + c))
\[ \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a \left (\cos {\left (c + d x \right )} + 1\right )} \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}{\left (c + d x \right )}}\, dx \]
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.65 (sec) , antiderivative size = 665, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.15 \[ \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\frac {2 \, \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \arctan \left (\sin \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right ), \cos \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right ) + 1\right )\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) - 1\right )} \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \arctan \left (\sin \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right ), \cos \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right ) + 1\right )\right ) - \sqrt {2} {\left (\cos \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right )^{2} + \sin \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cos \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right ) + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} \arctan \left (\frac {{\left ({\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{4} + \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )} {\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2} - 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 6 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) - 1\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{{\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2}}, \frac {{\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2} + \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1}{{\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2}}\right )\right ) + \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{{\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}}, \frac {{\left ({\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{4} + \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )} {\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2} - 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 6 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {a} \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) - 1\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{{\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2}}, \frac {{\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2} + \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1}{{\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}^{2}}\right )\right ) + \sqrt {a} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - \sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a} {\left | e^{\left (i \, d x + i \, c\right )} + 1 \right |}}\right )}{{\left (\cos \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right )^{2} + \sin \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cos \left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right ) + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {a} d} \]
(2*cos(1/2*arctan2(sin(2*d*x + 2*c), cos(2*d*x + 2*c) + 1))*sin(d*x + c) - 2*(cos(d*x + c) - 1)*sin(1/2*arctan2(sin(2*d*x + 2*c), cos(2*d*x + 2*c) + 1)) - sqrt(2)*(cos(2*d*x + 2*c)^2 + sin(2*d*x + 2*c)^2 + 2*cos(2*d*x + 2* c) + 1)^(1/4)*arctan2(((abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^4 + cos(d*x + c)^4 + sin( d*x + c)^4 + 2*(cos(d*x + c)^2 - sin(d*x + c)^2 - 2*cos(d*x + c) + 1)*abs( e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^2 - 4*cos(d*x + c)^3 + 2*(cos(d*x + c)^2 - 2*cos(d*x + c) + 1)*sin(d*x + c)^2 + 6*cos(d*x + c)^2 - 4*cos(d*x + c) + 1)^(1/4)*si n(1/2*arctan2(2*(cos(d*x + c) - 1)*sin(d*x + c)/abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^2 , (abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^2 + cos(d*x + c)^2 - sin(d*x + c)^2 - 2*cos(d* x + c) + 1)/abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^2)) + sin(d*x + c))/abs(e^(I*d*x + I* c) + 1), ((abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^4 + cos(d*x + c)^4 + sin(d*x + c)^4 + 2*(cos(d*x + c)^2 - sin(d*x + c)^2 - 2*cos(d*x + c) + 1)*abs(e^(I*d*x + I* c) + 1)^2 - 4*cos(d*x + c)^3 + 2*(cos(d*x + c)^2 - 2*cos(d*x + c) + 1)*sin (d*x + c)^2 + 6*cos(d*x + c)^2 - 4*cos(d*x + c) + 1)^(1/4)*sqrt(a)*cos(1/2 *arctan2(2*(cos(d*x + c) - 1)*sin(d*x + c)/abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^2, (ab s(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^2 + cos(d*x + c)^2 - sin(d*x + c)^2 - 2*cos(d*x + c ) + 1)/abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1)^2)) + sqrt(a)*cos(d*x + c) - sqrt(a))/(sqr t(a)*abs(e^(I*d*x + I*c) + 1))))/((cos(2*d*x + 2*c)^2 + sin(2*d*x + 2*c)^2 + 2*cos(2*d*x + 2*c) + 1)^(1/4)*sqrt(a)*d)
\[ \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{{\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}^{3/2}\,\sqrt {a+a\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}} \,d x \]